diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -57,61 +57,201 @@ pub mod start;
 pub mod sync;
 
-use crate::platform::{Allocator, NEWALLOCATOR};
+use crate::platform::{Allocator, NEWALLOCATOR, Pal, Sys};
 
 #[global_allocator]
 static ALLOCATOR: Allocator = NEWALLOCATOR;
+
+const MAX_FATAL_BACKTRACE_FRAMES: usize = 16;
+const MAX_FATAL_FRAME_STRIDE: usize = 1024 * 1024;
+
+#[inline(never)]
+fn write_process_thread_identity(w: &mut platform::FileWriter) {
+    use core::fmt::Write;
+
+    let pid = Sys::getpid();
+    let tid = Sys::gettid();
+
+    match crate::pthread::current_thread() {
+        Some(thread) => {
+            let _ = w.write_fmt(format_args!(
+                "RELIBC CONTEXT: pid={} tid={} pthread={:#x}\n",
+                pid,
+                tid,
+                thread as *const _ as usize,
+            ));
+        }
+        None => {
+            let _ = w.write_fmt(format_args!(
+                "RELIBC CONTEXT: pid={} tid={} pthread=<unavailable>\n",
+                pid, tid,
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "aarch64"))]
+#[inline(never)]
+fn current_frame_pointer() -> *const usize {
+    let frame: *const usize;
+
+    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+    unsafe {
+        core::arch::asm!("mov {}, rbp", out(reg) frame, options(nomem, nostack, preserves_flags));
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_arch = "x86")]
+    unsafe {
+        core::arch::asm!("mov {}, ebp", out(reg) frame, options(nomem, nostack, preserves_flags));
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
+    unsafe {
+        core::arch::asm!("mov {}, x29", out(reg) frame, options(nomem, nostack, preserves_flags));
+    }
+
+    frame
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "aarch64"))]
+fn read_backtrace_frame(frame: *const usize) -> Option<(*const usize, usize)> {
+    let align = core::mem::align_of::<usize>();
+    let frame_addr = frame as usize;
+
+    if frame.is_null() || frame_addr % align != 0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let next_frame = unsafe { frame.read() } as *const usize;
+    let return_address = unsafe { frame.add(1).read() };
+
+    if return_address == 0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    Some((next_frame, return_address))
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "aarch64"))]
+fn is_sane_next_backtrace_frame(current: *const usize, next: *const usize) -> bool {
+    let align = core::mem::align_of::<usize>();
+    let current_addr = current as usize;
+    let next_addr = next as usize;
+
+    !next.is_null()
+        && next_addr % align == 0
+        && next_addr > current_addr
+        && next_addr - current_addr <= MAX_FATAL_FRAME_STRIDE
+}
+
+#[inline(never)]
+fn write_best_effort_backtrace(w: &mut platform::FileWriter) {
+    use core::fmt::Write;
+
+    let _ = w.write_str("RELIBC: attempting best-effort backtrace\n");
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "aarch64"))]
+    {
+        let mut frame = current_frame_pointer();
+        let mut wrote_frame = false;
+
+        for frame_index in 0..MAX_FATAL_BACKTRACE_FRAMES {
+            let Some((next_frame, return_address)) = read_backtrace_frame(frame) else {
+                break;
+            };
+
+            wrote_frame = true;
+            let _ = w.write_fmt(format_args!(
+                "RELIBC BACKTRACE[{frame_index:02}]: {:#x}\n",
+                return_address,
+            ));
+
+            if !is_sane_next_backtrace_frame(frame, next_frame) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            frame = next_frame;
+        }
+
+        if !wrote_frame {
+            let _ = w.write_str("RELIBC: backtrace attempt produced no frames\n");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "aarch64")))]
+    {
+        let _ = w.write_str("RELIBC: backtrace unavailable on this architecture\n");
+    }
+}
 
 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn relibc_panic(pi: &::core::panic::PanicInfo) -> ! {
     use core::fmt::Write;
 
     let mut w = platform::FileWriter::new(2);
-    let _ = w.write_fmt(format_args!("RELIBC PANIC: {}\n", pi));
+
+    if let Some(location) = pi.location() {
+        let _ = w.write_fmt(format_args!(
+            "RELIBC PANIC LOCATION: {}:{}:{}\n",
+            location.file(),
+            location.line(),
+            location.column(),
+        ));
+    } else {
+        let _ = w.write_str("RELIBC PANIC LOCATION: <unavailable>\n");
+    }
+
+    write_process_thread_identity(&mut w);
+    let _ = w.write_fmt(format_args!("RELIBC PANIC: {}\n", pi));
 
     core::intrinsics::abort();
 }
@@ -95,23 +235,27 @@ pub extern "C" fn rust_oom(layout: ::core::alloc::Layout) -> ! {
 
     let mut w = platform::FileWriter::new(2);
     let _ = w.write_fmt(format_args!(
-        "RELIBC OOM: {} bytes aligned to {} bytes\n",
+        "RELIBC OOM: {} bytes aligned to {} bytes - process will abort\n",
         layout.size(),
         layout.align()
     ));
+    write_process_thread_identity(&mut w);
+    write_best_effort_backtrace(&mut w);
 
     core::intrinsics::abort();
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(test))]
 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
 #[linkage = "weak"]
 #[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn _Unwind_Resume() -> ! {
     use core::fmt::Write;
 
     let mut w = platform::FileWriter::new(2);
-    let _ = w.write_str("_Unwind_Resume\n");
+    let _ = w.write_str(
+        "RELIBC: _Unwind_Resume called - exception propagation failed, aborting\n",
+    );
+    write_process_thread_identity(&mut w);
 
     core::intrinsics::abort();
 }