This also replaces all the assembly that previously used the AT&T style
with the (in my opinion) superior Intel syntax.
I tried prepending `.att_syntax prefix`, but that did not work...
BufWriter has more capacity (8k vs 1k) and doesn't flush the stream after '\n'.
That change helps to reduce the number of syscalls, especially when dealing with text files.
Since BufWriter has a different way of getting number of pending elements than LineWriter -
Pending trait was introduced to deal with that.
Instead of a single source of symbols, now linker keeps a list of DSO (former Library) objects
with their own symbols map. That helps to process R_X86_64_COPY relocations correctly.
For example, if 'a.out' executable with dependencies ['libstdc++.so', 'libc.so'] is being loaded
and 'a.out' uses 'stdout' symbol from 'libc.so', its relocation process goes as follows:
- linker processes relocation entry 'stdout' of type R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT from 'libc.so',
- it goes through object list ['a.out', 'libstdc++.so', 'libc.so'] to find first object
that exports 'stdout' symbol. The symbol is in 'a.out' with the value e.g. '0x404070',
- linker sets 'stdout' symbol GOT entry in 'libc.so' to '0x404070',
....
- linker processes relocation entry 'stdout' of type R_X86_64_COPY from 'a.out',
- it goes through object list excluding 'a.out': ['libstdc++.so', 'libc.so']. The symbol is found in 'libc.so',
- linker copies the 'stdout' symbol content from 'libc.so' to memory at address '0x404070' (in 'a.out' object).
Objects are relocated in reverse order they were loaded. So in the example above, linker starts with relocating
'libc.so' and ends with 'a.out'. It is necessary e.g. when linking with 'libstdc++.so' - there are many
relocations which symbols are found in 'libstdc++.so', so they need to be resolved before their contents are
copied to 'a.out'. That also matches GNU ld.so behavior.
Jeremy Soller