Linux's variant uses the syscall as intended. Redox's variant uses fpath
to build a path to pass to fstat from the file descriptor plus the file
name. Unlike the syscall, this isn't atomic so the liminal space between
fpath/getcwd and fstat is subject to TOCTOU.
Beyond fstatat, I moved the stat test to its correct location and added
an assert since the output of the test is unchecked.
I also added AT_FDCWD which seems to be -100 across Unixes. The other
AT_* constants are unimplemented for now.
%m is a format specifier that prints an error string for errno. The
specifier is technically only for syslog, but musl and glibc implement
it for printf itself. Parsing for a single specifier in a single
function is error prone, especially when syslog itself is variadic.
Jeremy Soller